The 18th century, often labeled as a period of stagnation and decline for the Ottoman Empire, was, in fact, a time of revival after Sultan Mahmud I reestablished Ottoman authority and regained influence in Europe following the end of the Tulip Era and the suppression of the Patrona Halil rebellion. He brought stability to the realm and ruled for 24 years.
Sultan Mahmud I's reign was marked by significant accomplishments. He achieved major victories both in the west and east, preserving what is referred to as the Ottoman Empire's final illustrious era. Additionally, he implemented crucial reforms within the state.
Sultan Mahmud I (1696-1754) engaged in battles against the Russians at Azak Fortress and in 1736, he reacquired Serbia and Belgrade, restoring them to Ottoman territory. Through successful conflicts with major powers of the 18th century, he solidified his position as one of the era's eminent rulers. Another notable claim about Sultan Mahmud was his alleged burial while still alive.
Though unproven, it is declared that on December 13, 1754, Sultan Mahmud collapsed after Friday prayers, reportedly passing away at the age of 58. His funeral prayers were held immediately in the afternoon, and Sultan III. Osman was announced as the new Sultan. Sultan Mahmud had spent the last two years of his life in illness, and it was already known that there were attempts, sanctioned by viziers and doctors, to depose him with a report and a fatwa from the Chief Mufti. Sultan III. Osman, having endured 51 years in the cage system, was more than ready to ascend the throne.
Sultan Mahmud was aware of the rumors and the process of his deposition. Therefore, he aimed to demonstrate his apparent health to the public. Despite the fact that riding a horse to the Hagia Sophia Mosque was almost suicidal for him, preparations were made. Sultan Mahmud collapsed at the gates of the Topkapi Palace in the midst of it all. Although it was determined that the Sultan's heart couldn't endure, he was taken to the harem. He was pronounced dead before even being transported, and within a short span, the new Sultan III. Osman was declared, followed by an oath-taking ceremony.
The claims of a Sultan passing away and a new Sultan ascending the throne transpired on the night of December 13th to 14th, 1754. According to the allegation, as the Quranic recitations began after the evening prayers, the keeper of the tomb heard cries emanating from the Sultan's buried grave. He hurried to inform the new Sultan of this peculiar occurrence. The keeper was said to have vanished and was never seen again.
While this grievous event is often mentioned as an allegation or in folklore, it remains an unverified incident. Sultan III. Osman, on the other hand, only ruled for three years and succumbed to smallpox on October 30, 1757.
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